By Bitcoin Časopis - prije 4 mjeseca - Vrijeme čitanja: 9 minute
Instant poravnanje: logistička industrija
Now that we have seen how instant settlement can affect the construction industry let’s see the next industry that can have a huge impact - logistics.
To begin, let's examine the logistics industry through the lens of an online order example. What unfolds when we select a product on a website that requires delivery to our door? Who are the entities involved in this process, and what does the payment process entail?
Pa odaberem nešto s web stranice i naručim. Plaćam ga i čekam da mi proizvod stigne na vrata i nadam se da će ono što će stići na moja vrata biti ono što očekujem.
Budući da plaćam unaprijed, u ovom slučaju preuzimam rizik. Mogu odabrati plaćanje pouzećem, ali rizik za sve uključene ne nestaje, samo se prebacuje na onoga tko sada preuzima taj rizik, na prodavatelja. Ali o tome nešto kasnije.
When using a card for payment, a 1.5%-3% transaction fee is typically charged by the bank issuing the card. After payment, the retailer or seller is notified to send the product to the buyer's address. Subsequently, the retailer arranges delivery through a logistics company. A delivery person is dispatched to the warehouse to collect the ordered product along with others, optimizing the route. The product then navigates through the delivery company's ecosystem, involving various warehouses and personnel, until it reaches the final delivery person who brings it to the buyer's doorstep.
The efficient movement of the product through space is generally understood within the system so that is not the problem. Faster delivery benefits everyone involved, as quick and reliable service enhances customer satisfaction and loyalty. However, the actual delivery personnel may not directly benefit from the speed of delivery, but we'll delve into that aspect later. Swift delivery is crucial for customer retention, as a prompt and reliable service encourages customers to choose the same platform for future orders rather than seeking alternatives.
Gdje su onda problemi?
The logistics industry, much like the construction industry we discussed in the previous article ovdje, has problems that predominantly revolve around payment processes. These payment-related issues cascade into other aspects of the logistics chain.
Let's trace the journey of money in this context:
I make a card payment to the website, and the bank deducts a 1-3% transaction fee from the retail value. The website, having received the payment, needs to pay the retailer the value of the product, and again, the bank deducts 1-3% from this payment. The retailer, in turn, has to pay the delivery company, with the bank deducting another 1-3% from this transaction.Gore navedeno se odnosi samo na naknade banci. Što je s nagodbom između svih subjekata uključenih u isporuku?
The website receives their money from me fast, unless it is an international delivery it is the same day.The website then batches all the payments that have to be paid to the retailer for the month so they do not have to pay each individual sale to them. They most likely will pay once a month so it could be up to 30-day credit at this point.Then the retailer has the same arrangement with the delivery company and there is up to a 30-day delay of the payment at this point also.Mjesečno grupiranje plaćanja može pojednostaviti procese, ali unosi značajan element rizika u lanac transakcija. Ako bi se bilo koji subjekt u ovom lancu suočio s financijskim problemima, kao što je bankrot, u roku od 30 dana, sljedeće strane možda nikada neće dobiti sredstva koja im se duguju. Taj se rizik povećava u cijelom logističkom ekosustavu, naglašavajući potrebu za sigurnijim i učinkovitijim plaćanjima.
If I opt to pay on delivery, the risk dynamic in logistics is inverted - the money is collected by the delivery company, then forwarded to the retailer, and eventually passed on to the website. This way of operating has introduced additional complexities. As the number of orders increases, individual financial ledgers between the companies become more intricate due to the waiting period for money to reach the designated recipient. There is a ledger between the website and the retailer, tracking how many orders have been paid to the website and are awaiting payment. There is another ledger between the delivery company and the retailer, which, in turn, is awaiting payment. Regardless of my preferred payment method as the buyer, the retailer remains significantly exposed because they never receive the money first. The third-party risk for them is consistently high.
In both scenarios, the banking system charges fees of 3% or more for each delivery, and various parties face multiple third-party risks depending on the order of payment. To provide a more nuanced understanding of risk, it's crucial to note that even if all involved entities are reliable and face no business issues, this doesn't eliminate counterparty risk associated with the banks themselves. In the event of a bank failure, even a well-intentioned company may find itself unable to settle its debts, highlighting the vulnerability inherent in the current financial infrastructure.
Drugi problemi u logističkom ekosustavu
Sustav se susreće s dodatnim izazovima unutar radne snage, posebno među osobljem za dostavu. Temeljni sukob postoji između tih radnika i tvrtki kojima služe. Radnici dobivaju naknadu za svoje vrijeme, dok tvrtke ostvaruju prihode od isporučenih proizvoda. Ova neusklađenost poticaja potiče tvrtke da postavljaju agresivne ciljeve za osoblje za dostavu. Kad trčim maraton ne sprintam jer ću izgorjeti u prvom dijelu utrke. Moram sam tempirati kako bih završio i mogu povećati ili smanjiti brzinu ovisno o konkretnoj situaciji. Kada dostavljače natjerate da “sprintaju” u “maratonu” dostave paketa, samo je pitanje vremena kada će izgorjeti i odustati puno prije nego pronaći svoj tempo i završiti svoj mjesec/godinu na pravi način.
Intenzivan pritisak da se ispune nerealni ciljevi isporuke može imati ozbiljne posljedice na kvalitetu usluge koju pružaju dostavljači. Žurba za brzim dovršavanjem isporuka može dovesti do oštećenih proizvoda i krađe paketa bez nadzora. Osim toga, nemaju vremena za odmor za kupaonicu i moraju smisliti kako će obavljati posao u dostavnom vozilu. To ne samo da utječe na cjelokupno korisničko iskustvo, već predstavlja i rizike za dobrobit samih radnika.
Proces sagorijevanja ubrzava mentalna borba s kojom se suočava dostavljačko osoblje. Suprotstavljena struktura poticaja otežava izazov: dok tvrtka traži maksimalno iskorištavanje za povećanje profita, osoblje za isporuku motivirano je minimizirati svoje radno opterećenje jer njihova naknada ostaje konstantna. Ova neusklađenost ne samo da otežava optimizaciju profita za obje strane, već također dovodi do mentalnog stresa za osoblje isporuke. Kako očekivati da između njih nema trvenja ako obje strane žele povećati svoj profit znači da moraju učiniti potpuno suprotne radnje.
Drugi izvor trvenja između dostavne tvrtke i njezinog osoblja vrti se oko vozila koja koriste. Slično problemu održavanja alata u građevinskoj industriji, nedostatak vlasništva nad vozilima dovodi do zanemarivanja održavanja. Tvrtka, usmjerena na maksimiziranje profita, može iskorištavati dostavno osoblje, koje bi zauzvrat moglo iskorištavati vozila kako bi povećalo svoju osobnu dobit. Ova dinamika stvara štetan ciklus u kojem obje strane daju prioritet pojedinačnim interesima nad dugoročnom dobrobiti zajedničkih resursa.
Instant podijeljena plaćanja i dinamika isporuke
The most apparent benefit is that the banking system would not levy fees of 4.5%-9% for each product delivered. Even if funds are transferred between entities, the fees in the Lightning Network would be approximately 0.3%. This alone marks a significant improvement, reducing transaction costs by an order of magnitude compared to the current system. Now, let's delve deeper into additional advantages.
The risks associated with multiple third parties are eradicated in this ecosystem. There's only one third-party risk, namely the buyer of the product. As soon as the buyer receives the product, they make a Lightning Network payment. Moreover, the delivery company, the retailer, and the website all receive their payments simultaneously without funds passing from one to another. The split payment will crush the fees even further because it is one payment so the fee is ~0.1%. Just to mention that those fees do not go to the banking system, they go to the LSPs like us at Breez that are facilitating the actual payment. And because we are a non-custodial solution we do not introduce any third-party risk. There is no waiting at any point for someone to settle their bill with someone else. All participants have their funds instantly and decide what to do with them from then on.
Ovo je ogroman napredak i samo to je dovoljno da netko poremeti tržište logističkih plaćanja, no učinci instant split plaćanja tu ne prestaju.
The adoption of instant split payments in the logistics industry will significantly alter the incentives for all delivery workers. A key transformation is the shift from receiving compensation solely for time - to being actively engaged in each payment related to their deliveries. Similar to how companies receive split payments, with each entity getting its share, every individual in the delivery company involved in moving the product can now receive their share too. The funds received by the delivery company will be split further, ensuring that delivery personnel are paid for their specific contributions rather than time spent. This eliminates the need for brutal targets, allowing those who deliver more packages to receive proportional compensation for their work and fostering a fair and performance-based payment structure.
U ovoj novoj paradigmi trenutnih podijeljenih plaćanja, dostavljači će biti potaknuti da koriste vlastita vozila za dostavu proizvoda. Kod korištenja službenog vozila njihov udio u plaćanju svake isporuke je manji. Međutim, ako koriste svoje osobno vozilo, postotak od svake isporuke bit će značajniji, izravno doprinoseći njihovoj zaradi. Ova promjena potiče osjećaj vlasništva i odgovornosti među dostavnim osobljem, potičući učinkovitiji i troškovno učinkovitiji sustav.
The revolutionary aspect of this system is that it opens up opportunities for anyone with a vehicle to become a convenient and flexible delivery person. Individuals can integrate delivery tasks into their existing plans, making extra bitcoin while heading in a specific direction. This decentralized approach allows for the optimization of routes on an individual basis. People with their own vehicles are no longer bound to a single delivery company; instead, they can work for various companies in their local area. This not only encourages individual optimization of routes but also shifts the focus to serving those expecting deliveries rather than working solely for a centralized delivery company. The reputation of the app will be enhanced by well-delivered packages, creating a positive feedback loop for more orders in the future, akin to the success of platforms like Uber.
Apsolutno, uvođenje sustava trenutne namire s podijeljenim plaćanjima ima potencijal za decentralizaciju različitih aspekata ekosustava isporuke:
Decentralization of Delivery Companies: Logistics can shift from a few large delivery companies to numerous small entities and even individuals participating in the delivery process. This allows for a more distributed and flexible delivery network.Decentralization of Income for Delivery Personnel: Delivery individuals will no longer be reliant on a centralized source of income. Instead, they can participate in each delivery payment, earning money directly proportional to their contribution, thereby decentralizing their income.Decentralization of Options for Buyers: Buyers will have a broader range of options for who delivers their products. With a more decentralized delivery ecosystem, they can choose from various delivery providers, including independent agents and smaller delivery companies.Sve u svemu, ova decentralizacija ima potencijal za stvaranje učinkovitijeg, prilagodljivijeg sustava isporuke usmjerenog na korisnika.
Sada treba postojati osoba koja razumije logističko tržište i napravi tu aplikaciju. Za razliku od građevinskih tvrtki, ovo će biti još više decentralizirano jer puno više pojedinaca može upravljati isporukom. Ne može svatko upravljati složenim građevinskim projektom, ali svatko može nešto isporučiti. Sjećate li se djece iz novina u prošlosti? Osoba sa svojim skuterom usput može isporučiti nekoliko paketa svojim susjedima. To će također imati učinak društvenog sloja povezujući vas sve više i više s ljudima u vašem području. To možemo koristiti u velikim urbanim sredinama jer većinu vremena prolazimo pokraj susjeda bez pozdrava. A susjedi će radije primati dostavu proizvoda od ljudi koje poznaju. Potencijal za decentralizirani sustav dostave koji je više orijentiran na zajednicu prilično je uzbudljiv
Idemo sada isporučiti tu aplikaciju.
Ovo je gostovanje Ivana Makedonskog. Izražena mišljenja su u potpunosti njihova vlastita i ne odražavaju nužno ona BTC Inc ili Bitcoin Časopis.
Izvorni izvor: Bitcoin Časopis