By Bitcoin Majalah - 1 year ago - Waktos maca: 5 menit
Dollar AS Digital Nyaéta Ancaman Pikeun Kabébasan Sipil
The U.S. CBDC could be a route to civil liberty erosion — the same liberties that Bitcoin inherently protects.
Pikeun jalma réa, Bitcoin is synonymous with freedom, decentralization, independence and the future. Some consider it akin to anarchy, an online revolution that began with the minting of the first block of Bitcoin that flipped the proverbial bird at central banks and government policy makers.
Pikeun pamaréntah, kumaha oge, vistana béda. Sacara umum, jalma anu ngatur batur rutin nganggap ekosfer cryptocurrency salaku tempat anu henteu patuh hukum, dianggo pikeun ngabiayaan térorisme sareng kagiatan terlarang anu sanés, ngumbah artos sareng ngahindarkeun pajeg.
Salaku tanggepan kana triliunan dolar investor sareng kapentingan komérsial, Présidén Joe Biden ngaluarkeun hiji urutan eksekutif calling on the government to examine the risks and benefits of cryptocurrencies. The executive order's explicit aim is to explore a U.S. central bank digital currency (CBDC), which would be a digital fiat, backed by the United States government. But if the original purpose behind the creation of cryptocurrency was to eliminate government control and oversight over fiat and monetary policy, how far will the U.S. government’s control over its citizens' digital currency extend?
Paréntah eksekutif nyatakeun yén "tujuan kawijakan utama Amérika Serikat ngeunaan aset digital nyaéta kieu: Urang kedah ngajagi konsumen, investor, sareng usaha di Amérika Serikat." Kabijakan éta terus ngucapkeun yén aset digital ngagaduhan "implikasi anu jero" dina "kajahatan; kaamanan nasional; kamampuhan pikeun ngalaksanakeun HAM; inklusi finansial sarta equity; sareng paménta énergi sareng perubahan iklim. Paréntah eksekutif ngasingkeun kelas aset salaku "aset digital non-nagara anu dikaluarkeun." Ukuran pangaturan, pamaréntahan sareng téknologi ka hareup bakal dirancang pikeun "ngalawan kagiatan terlarang" sareng "ningkatkeun efektivitas alat kaamanan nasional urang." Sanaos teu aya anu mungkir sisi poék cryptocurrency sareng kamungkinan panggunaan kriminalna, sanés ngan ukur pamaréntah AS hoyong ngatur mata uang kripto, aranjeunna milarian ngadalikeun éta.
It appears a sure bet that the United States government will (1) regulate private cryptocurrency while (2) issuing its own government-controlled digital token. And in the context of the world's leading liberal democracy founded on a rule of law based on limitation of government powers, this development warrants serious scrutiny.
Balik deui ka formasi Amérika Sarikat Amérika, founding fathers éta skeptis ngeunaan méré bank jeung pamaréntah kontrol leuwih currencies. Salila panyusun Konstitusi AS, John Adams narik kapercayaan kolonis kana artos anu dikaluarkeun pamaréntah sareng nyatakeun that every dollar of printed fiat money was “a cheat upon somebody.” The drafters left the federal government with only the power to “coin money,” and forbade the states from making anything but gold and silver coin legal "tender.” Years later, in 1816, Tulis Thomas Jefferson that “banking establishments are more dangerous than standing armies... [and] the principle of spending money to be paid by posterity, under the name of funding, is but swindling futurity on a large scale.”
Kadatangan na Bitcoin appeared to be the antidote to the centuries-old problem identified by Jefferson. Bitcoin was specifically designed to obviate the need for a central bank or single administrator. In fact, Bitcoin does not need government support, or to be “backed” by gold and silver. Bitcoin was architected to comprise a store of value who’s value would be determined by the global population’s free market dynamics, via simply supply and demand arithmetic.
So why should any of this matter? At times, the U.S. government has historically suppressed the rights of Americans, and many Americans have shown that they are more than willing to give up those freedoms. It is only a matter of time before the United States issues a digital currency, and likely attempts to suppress, through whatever means, the value and utility of bitcoin, along with the rights of its citizens.
Kalayan koin digital anu dikaluarkeun AS, pamaréntah bakal gaduh kamampuan téknis, diantarana, pikeun ngawatesan sareng nerapkeun tekanan kana naon anu tiasa dipésér ku Amérika, pikeun ngalacak sareng ngawas pengeluaran warga sareng nempatkeun wates dina kuantitas atanapi jumlah produk anu urang mésér. .
Dina kasus anu ekstrim, pamaréntah tiasa ngabatalkeun atanapi ngahapus sadaya dana CDBC tina sirkulasi atanapi tina kontrol hiji jalma. Éta parantos janten kanyataan dina kasus kriminal, tapi di dieu anu jadi perhatian nyaéta kamampuan sareng kahayang pamaréntah ngagunakeun dolar digital pikeun ngawas sareng ngontrol sanaos henteu aya dakwaan kriminal atanapi dmana. Masalah ieu sanés ngan ukur hipotésis. Taun ka tukang pamaréntah Kanada maréntahkeun firms finansial pikeun eureun facilitating sagala transaksi tina 34 dompét crypto dihijikeun sareng ngabiayaan protés anu dipimpin ku truk pikeun mandat vaksin COVID-19.
Examples in the United States are easy to conceptualize. If Congress believes that cutting down on gasoline would lower emissions enough to reverse climate change, they could put spending limits on the amount of gas one could purchase. Instead of raising taxes on cigarettes, the government could nullify all cigarette purchases made with digital dollars. While the "in party" will be temporarily satisfied at the expense of the "out party," fortunes can change fast. Constitutional questions (which often take years to resolve) notwithstanding, where a Republican administration might ban the use of digital dollars to pay for Planned Parenthood services for example, a Democratic administration could just as easily ban the use of digital dollars to purchase guns or ammunition. The reality is that both political parties may well be tempted to utilize digital dollars to influence societal behavior and punish transgressors by restraining the ability to use the currency for travel, education and other essential life activities.
Janten, naha urang nuju sacara teu kaétang sareng gancang-gancang nuju masa depan dimana, sapertos George Orwell warned, “nothing was your own except the few cubic centimeters in your skull?" Will the United States government utilize digital coins to create a social credit scoring system on par with China's? That depends. Not only on the government's actions, but on the vigilance of lawyers in private practice and civil libertarians more generally. Careful attention must be paid to any efforts by the government to utilize digital dollars for surveillance, control or unlawful restriction of individual privacy and liberty. Because, after all, if "love of money is the root of all evil," then unconstrained U.S. government-issued digital dollars may turn into the "mother of all evils."
Zachary Reeves, gaul sareng Baker McKenzie, ogé nyumbang kana tulisan ieu.
Ieu pos tamu ku Bradford Newman. Pamadegan dikedalkeun sagemblengna sorangan sarta teu merta ngagambarkeun pamadegan BTC Inc atanapi Bitcoin majalah.
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