By Bitcoin Маҷалла - 3 моҳ пеш - Вақти хондан: 9 дақиқа
Bitcoin: Ҳуқуқҳои минералии рақамӣ барои оянда
Дар Техас, мероси моликияти ҳуқуқи маъдан як ривоятест, ки дар асоси таърихи иёлот сабт шудааст. Ба наслҳо ҳамчун мероси гаронбаҳо мегузаранд, моликияти ҳуқуқҳои зеризаминӣ на як даъвои қонунӣ аст; ин нишони меднатй, рамзи устуворй ва мероси гаронбадо мебошад. Сарват ва шукуфоие, ки барои соҳибони ҳуқуқҳои маъданӣ дар Техас бо мурури замон тавассути истихроҷ ва истихроҷи маъданҳои карбогидрид ба вуҷуд омадааст, бениҳоят бузург аст, аммо масъулияти сангин низ дорад. Ин масъулият дурнамои молиявии дурандешона ва ӯҳдадорӣ ба риояи ахлоқӣ ва экологиро барои таъмини некӯаҳволии наслҳои оянда, ки сарвати маъданиро мерос мегиранд, талаб мекунад. Дар байни сокинони Тексасӣ маъмул аст, ки ҳеҷ гоҳ набояд ҳеҷ коре карда шавад, ки ҳуқуқи моликияти онҳоро зери хатар гузорад. "Ҳеҷ гоҳ ҳуқуқҳои маъдании худро нафурӯшед" як ибораи маъмул барои сокинони Техас аст.
The reason generations of Texans have kept their mineral rights intact within their families is that the modern global economy rests almost entirely upon the benefits of the extraction, refining, and processing of these subsurface minerals. When you own mineral rights, you own the fundamental primary material that allows the production and distribution of nearly all of the goods and services our civilization enjoys. In the future, the world’s economic production will similarly rely on Bitcoin to coordinate large transactions between manufacturers and industrial firms.
Ҳуқуқи маъданҳои Техас
Ҳуқуқи канданиҳои фоиданок моликияти сарватҳои зеризаминӣ ва ҳуқуқи фурӯш, коркард ва истеҳсоли ин маводро ифода мекунад. Ба Техасҳо дар тӯли зиёда аз 150 сол ҳуқуқи дастрасӣ ба захираҳои гаронбаҳои маъданӣ ва карбогидридҳо, ки дар зери моликияти онҳо ҷойгиранд, хушбахт буданд. Соҳибони канданиҳои фоиданок метавонанд моликиятро тавассути сабтҳои қонуние, ки аз конститутсияи иёлати Техас дар соли 1866 ба вуҷуд омадаанд, пайгирӣ кунанд, ки он барои қонеъ кардани талаботи дубора ворид шудан ба Иёлоти Муттаҳида пас аз ҷудо шудан ба Иёлоти Муттаҳида таъсис дода шудааст ва ҳуқуқҳои хусусии канданиҳои фоиданокро мустаҳкам муқаррар кардааст.
It is essential to understand that mineral rights in Texas can, and predominantly are at this point, severed from the rights of ownership of the land surface. These two distinct property rights are often referred to as the mineral estate and the surface estate. In addition to the ability to separate the mineral estate from the surface estate, the mineral estate can be subdivided into fractional shares of ownership. In Texas, it is commonplace for mineral estates to be divided into tiny fractional ownership shares. Whether the same owner holds the mineral ownership and surface ownership or they have been separated sometime in the past, according to Texas law, the mineral estate holds a position of supremacy over the surface estate. This authority allows the mineral rights owner to use the land's surface to explore, develop, and produce oil and gas under the property. The mineral rights holder usually accomplishes this by entering into a contract (mineral lease agreement) with a specialized company to explore and extract resources from the property in exchange for a lump sum payment followed by ongoing royalty payments that result from selling the resources to the market.
4 рукнҳои ҷомеаи муосир
The standard of living in our modern society would not be possible without the massive widespread use of fossil fuels extracted from below the earth’s surface. In his book “How the World Really Works,” author Vaclav Smil masterfully explores our total dependence on fossil fuels to provide four indispensable materials our civilization relies upon. These fundamentally essential materials are cement, steel, plastics, and ammonia.
Тақрибан 17% таъминоти энергияи ҷаҳон барои истеҳсоли ин чаҳор маводи муҳим лозим аст. Қобилияти шумо барои истифодаи интернет ва ҳар як дастгоҳи пайвастшуда дар ниҳоят аз карбогидридҳои сӯзишвории истихроҷшуда вобаста аст. Инфрасохтор ва технологияҳои ҷаҳони муосир танҳо тавассути истифодаи онҳо имконпазир аст ва онҳо ягона воситаи бо ғизо таъмин кардани 4 миллиард нафар одамон мебошанд. Смил дар китоби худ нақши муҳимеро, ки ҳар яке аз ин маводҳо дар вазифаи иқтисоди ҷаҳонии мо мебозад, шарҳ медиҳад. Истеҳсоли онҳо асосан ба сӯзишвории истихроҷшаванда ва ҳеҷ гуна ивазкунандаи энергияи қобили ҳаёт такя мекунад. Смиль хабар медихад, ки истехсоли солонаи цемент 4.5 миллиард тонна, пулод 1.8 миллиард тонна, пластмасса кариб 400 миллион тонна, аммиак 180 миллион тонна мебошад.
Currently, there are no feasible alternatives to using steel or cement to construct the world's infrastructure. Their combination of strength, durability, and adaptability is unmatched by any other materials. The production of cement and steel requires intense heat, which is currently only possible by way of the combustion of fossil fuels. Replacing the aging infrastructure of developed countries and building new infrastructure in underdeveloped nations will require continual vast amounts of new cement and steel production.
Дар истеҳсолот на танҳо аммиак ва пластмасса миқдори зиёди энергияро талаб мекунад, балки онҳо инчунин бо истифода аз захираҳои карбогидридҳо ба вуҷуд меоянд. 50% истеҳсоли озуқаворӣ дар саросари ҷаҳон ба нуриҳои аммиакӣ такя мекунад, ки бо истифодаи гидроген, ки аз гази табиӣ гирифта мешавад, истеҳсол мешавад. Гази табиӣ инчунин манбаи энергияест, ки фишор ва ҳарорати баландро барои раванд таъмин мекунад.
Зиёда аз 99% пластмассаҳо аз коркарди карбогидридҳои сӯзишвории истихроҷшуда ба даст меоянд. Ягон маводи алтернативӣ ҳамон бартариҳои васеъи вазни сабук, чандирӣ, устуворӣ ва фоиданоки пластикиро пешниҳод намекунад. Ҷаҳон аз маҳсулоти бешуморе баҳравар аст, ки дорои пластикӣ, аз қабили қисмҳои мошин ва асбобҳо, электроникаи маишӣ, бастаҳои ғизоӣ, мебел ва таҷҳизоти тиббии наҷотбахши беморхонаҳо мебошанд. Коркарди нафт инчунин унсурҳои муҳимро, аз қабили илтиёмҳо, равғанҳои молиданӣ, шустушӯй, хунуккунӣ, рангҳо, доруворӣ, рӯйпӯшҳо ва нассоҷӣ таъмин мекунад.
Барҳам додани сӯзишвории истихроҷшуда аз таъминоти ҷаҳонии энергия дар даҳсолаҳои оянда ҳадафи ғайривоқеӣ аст, вақте ки мо маълумоти мавҷударо бодиққат баррасӣ мекунем. Аз сабаби маҳдудиятҳои физикӣ ва воқеии мо, гузариш ба иқтисодиёти декарбонизатсияшуда ва барқароршавандаи энергия, ки ба энергия асос ёфтааст, мушкилоти қариб бартарафнашаванда дорад.
Hydrocarbon minerals play a prominent role in the beginning stages of mass-scale modern production, and the transport of final goods depends almost entirely on hydrocarbon fuels. Tracing the stages of production processes backward from the final stage of consumer goods and services to the original input of fossil fuel hydrocarbons, we find that the ownership of mineral rights at the first stage of production signifies a pivotal position of influence over the economic landscape. This position grants mineral rights owners the immense power to shape and dictate economic destiny for every individual, business, and nation. Our global economy rests upon mineral rights owners' discretion to allow their property to be utilized.
Just as owning mineral rights is owning the base material that underpins the functioning of the entire global economy, owning bitcoin today is owning the mineral rights to the future economy. The worldwide economy will one day function through the exchange of bitcoin between productive entities. Those who own bitcoin will own the financial collateral that allows the economy to function and transact.
Bitcoin And Mineral Rights
Bitcoin and mineral rights may seem like disparate concepts, but share some similarities. Both are subject to the concept of limited supply. In the case of Bitcoin, there will only ever be 21 million coins in existence due to its programmed scarcity. Similarly, mineral rights pertain to owning scarce mineral resources found underground. Both Bitcoin and mineral rights have forms of ownership, meaning both can be bought, sold, or transferred to others. The value of each asset is determined by market demand and supply dynamics, and each has experienced significant price fluctuations over time. Both mineral rights and Bitcoin share the feature of being decentralized. Bitcoin operates on a decentralized network, with no single entity controlling its issuance or transactions. Likewise, mineral rights represent ownership of an asset found across the globe without a centralized issuer. Each asset also has a substantial cost to its extraction and release into the arena of human economic activity. Oil and gas extraction from underground requires significant investments of financial capital, labor, and energy. Generating new supply in the Bitcoin network also requires considerable energy expenditures and capital investments in physical hardware and infrastructure.
Норасоии bitcoin derives from its programmed 21 million supply cap, but bitcoin scarcity also develops because of its relative relationship with the entirety of the world’s goods and services. As the nominal amount of goods and services grows at a rate higher than the rate of supply of new bitcoin, bitcoin becomes more scarce relative to these goods and services because it grows more slowly. This relative aspect of Bitcoin to our economy creates a second layer of scarcity beyond the programmed supply limit of 21 million. As this second layer of scarcity grows over time due to the network effects of an expanding economy, other forms of storing value become perpetually inferior to this better мағозаи арзиш.
The price of everything in terms of bitcoin is always trending downward, making it a better way to preserve capital than other forms. For example, new industrial building construction costs have increased by 46% in the past five years, meaning an industrial capital project that cost $100 million five years ago might cost $146 million today. However, when priced in Bitcoin terms, the cost for this project has reduced by nearly 90%, from 26,253 BTC five years ago to 3,395 BTC today. As the world continues to become more productive, the value of those productivity gains is stored in the most dominant store of value. That store of value is Bitcoin, and as global market participants increasingly understand this, the value of Bitcoin will trend upward forever.
Within the domain of current Bitcoin commentary, it is common to hear or read about a future where merchants will sell their goods in exchange for payment by Bitcoin or other related applications functioning on top of the Bitcoin network. Retail merchant adoption will undoubtedly help build Bitcoin demand and incrementally enlarge the network’s value. However, the most considerable impact on the growth of bitcoin demand will arrive when the owners of the world’s factors of production begin to demand bitcoin as payment for their goods.
Bitcoin And Production
Firms participating in the various stages of productive processes will start to understand the economic phenomenon of holding cash balances that increase in value while simply holding them, and therefore, will begin to demand bitcoin. Cash balances that accrete value instead of declining in value over time simplify financial planning for large capital expenditures. Significant capital investments in new projects become more manageable to facilitate. Businesses can finance capital projects more efficiently using their cash reserves held in Bitcoin rather than relying on debt or equity financing that dilutes shareholder value. Financial officers managing a company's capital structure will break into a new era of corporate finance when they begin calculating the net present value of an investment made with money that appreciates in value over time instead of depreciating.
When a firm chooses to invest in productive endeavors, the firm does so in anticipation of earning a resulting return of greater value. When a company uses accumulated Bitcoin to fund a capital project, it will consequently only accept Bitcoin as a return on investment. Accepting an inferior form of money in return will be unacceptable. As manufacturing and production businesses increasingly adopt Bitcoin as a medium for coordinating exchanges of value in manufacturing processes, the Bitcoin network will absorb significant amounts of value from the existing monetary system. This process will create a circular exchange, strengthening Bitcoin's store of value characteristic and increasing demand among companies supplying production factors throughout supply chains.
When the use of Bitcoin to facilitate large value exchanges between businesses becomes widespread, the availability of Bitcoin in the market will become limited. At that point, the only way to acquire Bitcoin will be by providing something of value in return. Purchasing Bitcoin with other forms of currency from a money exchange will become rare, and those who wish to obtain Bitcoin will instead have to earn it. Bitcoin will become all but unavailable for purchase through traditional means.
There will be a day when the producers of capital-intensive goods and scarce natural resources stop accepting continually and purposefully diluted money for their products. In the future, when large payments of value between manufacturers and industrial firms are made through Bitcoin, the worldwide economy will become dependent on it to function. Those who have accumulated bitcoin in advance of this will find themselves in a position of dominance. Just as the owners of subsurface mineral rights today profit by allowing their property to be utilized to power the global economy, bitcoin owners will one day profit by administering the money that coordinates worldwide economic production.
Соҳиби Bitcoin today is owning the mineral rights to the future.
This is a guest post by Aaron Roberts. Opinions expressed are entirely their own and do not necessarily reflect those of BTC Inc or Bitcoin Маҷалла.
Манбаъи аслӣ: Bitcoin маҷалла