Ngaphambili-Bitcoin Imbali omele Uyazi: Imali esisiseko Versus Fiduciary Media

By Bitcoin Imagazini - Kunyaka oyi-1 odlulileyo - Ixesha lokufunda: imizuzu emi-18
Fri, ngoJuni 24, 2022 2:00 AM

Ngaphambili-Bitcoin Imbali omele Uyazi: Imali esisiseko Versus Fiduciary Media

Bitcoin, ngelixa eyona mali iphezulu yesiseko yangoku, yindaleko kwezo sele zisetyenziswe luluntu - kodwa yintoni imali esisiseko?

Olu luluvo lomhleli kaMateyu Mezinskis, umdali we "Crypto Voices" podcast kunye nePorkopolis Economics.

Thatha umzuzwana ucingisise malunga nokuba uneminyaka engakanani ungenile Bitcoin. Ngoku thatha omnye uzibuze ukuba mangaphi amanqaku ngemali oye wayifunda endleleni; Kwaye ayisiyiyo loo maqhekeza aphakathi-wotshintshiselwano okanye ivenkile-yexabiso. Cinga ngefilosofi ye-diatribes efuna ukuchonga iintsingiselo ezingaqondakaliyo zokuba yintoni "imali". Kwaye ke i-twist yokugqibela, kwenzeka njani Bitcoin ukungena? Maninzi amagama abhalwe ngu Bitcoiner, abaninzi nge abagxeki bayo. Ukusuka kwi "khontrakthi yentlalo" kunye "nento sonke esivumelana ngayo," ithiyori ukuya "kwimali yentengiselwano" kunye nesafobe esihlala sibalulekile "indebe yekofu", wonke umntu usoloko enento yokuthetha ngemali, kwaye ngenxa yoko kutheni okanye kutheni kungenjalo. Bitcoin.

Kuthekani ngeempembelelo zayo zotyalo-mali? Kuthekani ngokuhambisa ixabiso lemveliso yomsebenzi wakho - ugcino lwakho - ngexesha lonke? Ngamanye amaxesha abantu babhala ngemali enhle, ngamanye amaxesha babhala ngemali embi. Kwaye hleze silibale isithandwa sabalandeli - soze singabi nangxaki kule nto, ukuba umshicileli wemali uhamba njani "brrrr" kwaye ithetha ukuthini kuqoqosho lwethu. Kukho amanqaku amaninzi ajonga imali ngonyaka ngamnye kunentengiso yeKrisimesi eVienna.

Esi siqwenga sibhekiselwe kuphando lwemali yombhali, ipapashwa ngekota, elandelela ukubonelela kunye nokukhula kwemali esisiseko kwihlabathi.

Ndizakuzama ukukuzisela into eyahlukileyo apha. Makhe siye kuyo ngokuthe ngqo. Inkalo yezoqoqosho sele inecandelo, ulwahlulo olucwangcisiweyo, loluphi uhlobo “lwemali” Bitcoin is. Ndiza kukuxelela ngoku ukuba yintoni, kodwa kuya kufuneka uqonde, i-backstory apha ingamawaka eminyaka ubudala.

Ngaba ulungile? Bayibiza ngokuba "yimali ephezulu" eNtshona. Ibizwa ngokuba “yimali yokugcina” eMpuma. Ngokwembali, ihlala ibizwa ngokuba "yimali esisiseko." Kwinkqubo yezemali yehlabathi namhlanje, siyibiza "isiseko semali."

Nantso ke. Nantso ke uhlobo imali Bitcoin yi, kwaye yiloo nto uhlobo ukuhlaliswa kwenzeka xa bitcoin ithengisa izandla, xa ii-UTXOs zitshatyalalisiwe kwaye zidalwe ngokutsha. Leyo yileyibhile yezoqoqosho ebandakanya ngokupheleleyo into Bitcoin inethiwekhi kwaye yintoni na.

Imali esisiseko ngokwenene yindlela eyamkelekileyo yotshintshiselwano. Ngokuqinisekileyo. Kodwa kwakhona, luhlobo olwahlukileyo lwenqaku. Yeyiphi imali esisiseko ngokwenene kwaye kutheni ibalulekile libali endifuna ukunixelela lona apha.

Ngokwembali, bekukho iindlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zemali eyisiseko:

Eli nqaku liyinxalenye ye-II. Apha ngokuyinxenye mna siza kugxila kwigolide nesilivere. KwiSigaba sesi-2 siza kujongana neyona mali yokwenyani, ezo bhanki zemali. Bitcoin, njengoko kufanelekile, iya kufefa kuyo yonke indawo.

Yintoni Isiseko Imali Ayiyiyo

Olu hlalutyo luya kuba lula ukuba siqala kwelinye icala. Siza kufika kwinto eyiyo. Kodwa ukuqalisa makhe sijonge yonke into ekwinkqubo yezemali engeyiyo imali esisiseko.

Yintoni engeyiyo imali esisiseko? Imali esisiseko ayilo naluphi na uhlobo lotshintshiselwano olulawulwa okanye olukhutshwa ngumntu wesithathu. Ukuba kukho umthetheli obandakanyekayo - ibhanki okanye iziko lezemali - ngoko unokuqiniseka ukuba le nto udlala ngayo asiyomali.1 Enye indlela yokubona oku kukuba "uneakhawunti" nomnye umntu. Nabani na. Nawuphi na umboneleli weenkonzo zemali. Ngaba unayo iakhawunti ebhankini? Emva koko nantoni na ekuyo ayiyiyo imali esisiseko.

Ekunene, eminye imizekelo: Iinkqubo zaseBritane nezaseMelika kudala zingabalandeli bokuhlolwa kwephepha. Kwaye sendiyazi into oyicingayo. Ngaphandle kokuba sisicelo sobuqhophololo (uyazi, ngegama lakho elipheleleyo, idilesi, kunye nenombolo ye-akhawunti ebethelelwe kanye kuzo), kutheni le nto kufuneka ndikhathalele iitshekhi namhlanje? Ewe, ndibalisa ibali malunga nemali kunye nebhanki apha, ke yazi nje ukuba iitshekhi zikhe zasebenza umsebenzi obalulekileyo kwintlawulo, kwaye zaba sisixhobo ekukhuleni koqoqosho lwasentshona, xa bekukho iqanda okanye ulongamo lwebhanki ephakathi. Iitshekhi ziyindlela, zinzulu ngakumbi kunokuba zibonakala - nangaphezulu kunamaphepha ebhanki ngokwawo - malunga nezinto ezintsha imali. Njengababhali-mbali bezemali uGqr Stephen Quinn kunye noGqr George Selgin baye baqaphela, “amanqaku asetyenziswayo ‘yayiyindawo yentengiso’ ngaphambi kowe-1694, iitshekhi zaziyeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo yokuthumela idipozithi de kube ngoko.” Ngapha koko, buyela kwinto eyiyo. Ycinge. Yintoni enye ebhalwe kwitshekhi? Igama lomntu ohlawulwayo? Ngokuqinisekileyo. Kodwa yintoni enye ekhoyo? Ngubani okhuphe loo tshekhi? Ngubani oze nento? Ngaba likhona iziko elibandakanyekayo?

Yibhanki yakho, kunjalo.

Kodwa ndixelele nangoku. Yayingumbono kabani ukukunika ezo cheki? Ngaba ibalulekile into yokuba zinkulu kangakanani iincwadi zetshekhi? Ngubani owenza isigqibo sokuba injani itshekhi? Ngaba kufuneka kubekho imiyinge ethile yeetshekhi enikezelwa yibhanki nganye kubathengi bayo? Ingaba kukho i-check commissar ehleli kubo bonke oomasipala, ecaleni kukasodolophu, egcina uluhlu lwetshekhi eziqhuba indlela yazo esixekweni? Ndithetha ukuthi sisathetha ngemali apha, kwaye iitshekhi bezisetyenziswa amakhulu eminyaka ... ke le nto kufuneka iqhutywe ngurhulumente, akunjalo?

Nope.

Ngokuchanekileyo abantu be-zero baxelele oonobhanki ukuba zingaphi iitshekhi abanokuzikhupha okanye abafanele ukuzikhupha, kwaye akukho mntu uyaziyo impendulo (echanekileyo) kule nto xa iyonke. Konke oku kusalawulwa njengoko kwakunjalo kwiminyaka engama-200 eyadlulayo, kwimarike yasimahla, apho abathengi bathembela kwiibhanki zabo ( abameli) ukususa iitshekhi phakathi komnye nomnye, ukuze wonke umntu enze iintlawulo kwaye aququzelele ukukhula koqoqosho.

Ngoko ke yitshekhi. Ngokuqinisekileyo ayikho imali esisiseko.

Kuthekani ngamakhadi ebhanki? Ndiza kukunika, mfundi othandekayo, inzuzo yokungathandabuzeki ngalo mzekelo wesibini, ukuba sele uqikelele ukuba ezi zixhobo zemali kwakhona, kungekhona imali esisiseko. Kodwa kwakhona ikhutshwe yibhanki, ezi zinto zibonakala zipholile kwabanye abantu; Iihotele ezifana nazo kwaye bezikho ukusukela ngoo-1950 kunye nokusa kwebhanki ye-elektroniki ... kodwa ngokwesiseko ziitshekhi zeplastiki ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, kwaye zicace ngokukhawuleza. Kwaye ewe, akukho mntu uxelele iibhanki ukuba bangaphi abathengi, okanye luhlobo luni lwabathengi, ukuba babanike lona. Inkqubo iye yanatyiswa ngokufanelekileyo, amashumi eminyaka.

(Qaphela, amakhadi okuthenga ngetyala ngokwenene alirhamncwa elahluke kakhulu kunamakhadi ebhanki, kwaye ngendlela ebalulekileyo yezoqoqosho xa kufikwa kwimali, kodwa akukho xesha laloo nto apha. Sekunjalo, amakhadi okuthenga ngetyala awayomali esisiseko.)

Yintoni elandelayo? Yintoni enye oyisebenzisayo ukuhlawula izinto? Mhlawumbi lixesha lokuthetha ngee-apps eziphathwayo kunye neebhanki ze-intanethi. Mhlawumbi inyani yokuba ezi zinto ziyimveli yedijithali-emva koko zinokuhlelwa njengemali esisiseko? Khumbula ukuba ungaxela njani — undoqo kukuba umntu wesithathu uqhuba umboniso wale mveliso.

Omnye umzekelo wokusebenzisa usetyenziso xa uthenga yiApple Pay. Ngoko ke ... Apple, akunjalo? Goldman Sachs, ngokwenene (ha-ha). Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela, iziko leqela lesithathu likunika loo mveliso, ngoko ke ayisiyiyo imali esisiseko. Okufanayo kuya kwiPayPal, iVenmo, iSkrill, iRevolut, Wise, Paysera kunye nazo zonke ezinye ii-apps zebhanki ezikwi-intanethi kuphela kunye neeakhawunti. Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo, awuyidingi i akhawunti yebhanki ukusebenzisa ezi ntlobo zeenkonzo. Nokuba yinkampani elungisa intlawulo, iseliqela lesithathu elikhupha ezo akhawunti. Kuthetha ukuba zonke ezo zikhetho zentlawulo yedijithali azikabiyimali esisiseko.

Ngoko ke izinto eziphambili, xa sicinga ngeentlawulo (i-stablecoins - siya kufika khona!). Unokuqonda ukuba, ngaphandle kweetshekhi kunye namakhadi ngokwawo, ngaphandle kwezixhobo, konke oku ekupheleni kosuku kuqhagamshelwe kwi-akhawunti yakho yokutshekisha okanye kwi-akhawunti yediphozithi. Kwakhona, masishiye amakhadi etyala ecaleni okwangoku, ndiyazi ukuba kukho ukugqithelana kwezi mveliso. Bayimali ekude ngakumbi. Kodwa sinazo nezinye iindidi “zeeakhawunti” kwinkqubo yezemali ekungekho mntu uyiqondayo.

Enye yiakhawunti yokonga. Le nto yayikhe yaba yinto. Iiakhawunti zogcino-mali ezisetyenziswayo (kwaye kwamanye amazwe zisenazo) zinezithintelo zokurhoxisa ngaphezu kokujonga ii-akhawunti. Ngembuyekezo yoku uya kufumana inzala ephezulu kwimali yakho efakwe apho. Akunjalo namhlanje.

Sikwanazo nee-akhawunti zedipozithi yexesha, ezinezithintelo zokurhoxisa ngakumbi kwaye zihlawula inzala ephezulu kunokonga. Kwakhona, nayiphi na imali esisiseko apho? Hayi.

Sinezinye izixhobo zesikolo esidala ezifana neemali zemarike yemali. Ezi ngokuqhelekileyo azikhuselwanga ngurhulumente, kufuneka ahlawule inzala ephezulu kunokujonga iidiphozithi kwaye arhwebe ngakumbi njengesitokhwe (isabelo esinye kufuneka sibe malunga neyunithi enye yemali yomthonyama) ukuba ufuna ukuzifumana. Imali esisiseko? Kwakhona, ngokuqinisekileyo, hayi.

Ngoko ke makhe sihlaziye, kwaye nceda uqaphele oku kuyasebenza nokuba kukweyiphi na indawo yokuthengisa okanye yeziko:

Kulungile, ngethemba elo ibiyinkqubo engekabinamveliso ekukhawuleziseni kuzo zonke izixhobo zemali ezingeyiyo imali esisiseko kodwa zisasetyenziselwa intlawulo. Kwaye okwethutyana ngoku usenokuba ububuza, "Ke, ukuba ayisiyiyo imali esisiseko, ke zibizwa ngokuba zithini ezi zinto zimbi?!"

Impendulo: Imidiya yeFiduciary.

Eli ligama elibalulekileyo. Ibalulekile. Kwaye awona magama anengqiqo. Andikuceli ukuba ube yingcali yezoqoqosho apha - ndicela ungakwenzi - kodwa into endithemba ukuba uyayiqonda kukuba zonke izinto eziqhelekileyo esicinga ngazo kwaye sizisebenzisa "njengemali" kwinkqubo yethu yemali yangoku kubhekiselwa kuzo ngokwezoqoqosho. amajelo eendaba.

Libango. Yi-IOU. Yi uphawu.

Yimali ngendlela “yemali”, kodwa asiyomali “kwisiseko semali”.

"Kwakhona, yintoni?"

Ithetha kanye loo nto. Imidiya yeFiduciary ayiyomali esisiseko, kwaye ukuba unebango elinjalo, awunayo nayiphi na imali esisiseko! Kodwa xa ubamba eli bango, awubambi “nto”. Le media ye-fiduciary inako kwaye ijikeleza ngokukhululekileyo kwaye isetyenziselwa iintlawulo.

Bitcoin, Ngokufutshane

Ukuba bendikubuza ngoku, ngaba bitcoin imali esisiseko, ungathini? Ayingombuzo weqhinga. Musa ukucinga kakhulu.

Ndiyathemba ukuba uphendule ewe. Bitcoin ayikhutshwanga ngabantu besithathu. Ukuyifumana, ukuyibamba, andifuni mntu wesithathu konke konke. Ndikwazile ukwam. Ndingawusebenzela, ndiwufumane; apho ke, ewe, umqeshi wam ngumntu wesithathu, kodwa asiyi kufuna ibhanki ethembekileyo ukuze sihlawule. Iyunithi yemveli bitcoin, ilingana naliphi na inani le Ii-UTXOs, musa ukuthembela kuyo nayiphi na i-fiduciary. Yi-asethi esisiseko onokuthi uyifumane kwaye uyibambe wedwa, Akufuni mvume, akukho mthetheleli. Kuthekani ngabasebenzi-mgodini abakhulu, nangona kunjalo? Abasebenzi basezimayini bayabonelela ngenkonzo ekuveliseni iibhloko, kwaye iindleko zabo xa zizonke ziyabiza namhlanje, kodwa oku kudura akufunekanga kuthathwe ngokuba “kuyimfuneko” yinkqubo. Ukuba bonke abasebenzi-mgodini bebehamba, kuya kuba nzima ukuhlengahlengisa, nokufumana abatsha bitcoin iya kuba sisindululo "esibizi kakhulu" kunokuba sinjalo namhlanje.

Kodwa ngokukhawuleza, ngaphandle bitcoin, yonke into ngenye indlela kwihlabathi lezemali elichazwe ngasentla ngamajelo eendaba athembekileyo. Kulungile ukuyibiza ngokuba yimali, kodwa ukuba ufuna ukwazi kakuhle ukuba yintoni na ngokwezoqoqosho, ibizwa ngokuba yi-fiduciary media. Ukuba ulinde umvuzo wakho ukuba ufakwe ngqo kwi-akhawunti yakho yebhanki, okanye ulinde itshekhi ukuba icocwe kwi-akhawunti yakho iye kumrholi wakho (ngenene, usenjalo?), ngoko ulinde kwi-akhawunti yakho. ummeli wezezimali ukuba enze egameni lakho. Usebenzisa imidiya ye-fiduciary ukuhlawula amatyala kwaye wenze iintlawulo.

Kodwa kutheni iFiduciary Media?

"Ngoko ke i-tacks yobhedu: Ngaba uthi i-fiduciary media imbi?"

Nope.

“Ngaba uthi bubuqhophololo?”

Nope.

"Ngaba uthi ibangela ukuba izinto ezimbi zenzeke kwezoqoqosho?"

Akunjalo.

"Kodwa uthi i-fiduciary media luhlobo lwemali?"

Yep.

"Kwaye okona kubalulekileyo, imidiya ye-fiduciary ayiyomali isisiseko?"

Ewe.

Kuzo zonke iintetho zam ngemali, ndifumanisa ukuba la manqaku angasentla anzima kakhulu ukugrumba. Ndiyayifumana. Kwinkqubo yakho yemihla ngemihla eyona nto uyikhathaleleyo yindlela ikhadi, itshekhi okanye i-app yebhanki ebukeka ngayo kwaye liziphatha ngayo. Ufuna ukuba isebenze. Kulungile. Kodwa imibuzo ebalulekileyo endingathanda ukuba uzibuze yona emva kokufunda le yile, “Ngubani okhuphe ikhadi lakho?” "Ngubani okhuphe iakhawunti yakho?" "Ngubani owenze loo ntlawulo egameni lakho?" "Ngubani umgcini wakho?" Oku kukhokelela kwelinye icala elibaluleke ngakumbi-inqaku lokuba, if Le nto ayizange iqinisekiswe ngurhulumente, uya kuchitha ixesha elininzi - njengoko ufanele - uhlola ibhanki yakho njengoko ubuya kwenza umenzi wemoto yakho okanye home umakhi.

Ukuba unokucinga ngezi zixhobo kule migaqo, ngoko uphumelele idabi lemali yakho, kwaye wazi ngakumbi ngemali kuneengcali zezoqoqosho ezininzi. Ayiyonto intsonkothe ​​ngakumbi kunoko xa kufikwa kwinto yokuba yeyiphi imidiya yefiduciary is kunye nemali esisiseko ayiyo.

Ngokuphathelele "kutheni" yeendaba ezithembekileyo, oku kufuneka kubonakale. Injongo yemithombo yeendaba ethembekileyo yile: Amaziko akhupha la mabango (enze njalo kangangeenkulungwane, enza njalo namhlanje kwaye uya kwenza njalo ngomso) kuba amajelo eendaba athembekileyo rhoqo ibisebenza kakuhle kunemali esisiseko. Ivumela ukukhula okusebenzayo ngakumbi, ukulinganisa iintlawulo kuqoqosho, nangona kunjalo ngelixa usongeza imfuneko yokuthembela kumntu wesithathu.

"Bambelela, ngaba uqinisekile ukuba imithombo yeendaba ayibangeli ukuba kwenzeke izinto ezimbi kuqoqosho?"

Ewe ndiqinisekile, kodwa njengesiqhelo, iasterisk enkulu yile: Logama nje iibhanki ezingoovimba zingabandakanyekanga. Sizakubuyela kule nto kwi-Part 2.

Ezona zinto zithathwayo okwangoku zezokuba imithombo yeendaba eyifiduciary ayiyomali esisiseko, imidiya yefiduciary ilungele intlawulo, kwaye ayiyonto imbi ngokwemvelo, okanye ubuqhophololo.

Imali esisiseko

Ke ukuba usebenzisa itshekhi okanye iplastiki okanye izinto ezifanayo zedijithali kwifowuni yakho, ekhutshwe kwaye ilawulwa yibhanki yabucala, usebenzisa imidiya ye-fiduciary. Awusebenzisi imali esisiseko. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ndiza kuzama ukugcina le mfutshane malunga nokuba yintoni isiseko semali - ngokwembali.

Ukuba uthe wafumanisa ukuba imali esisiseko iya kuba yinto echasene nemithombo yeendaba, le ngcinga iya kukusondeza kakhulu. Zeziphi iindlela zemali esinazo kwindawo yentengiso ezingalawulwayo ngumntu wesithathu? Zeziphi iindlela zemali eziyi-asethi zokuhlaliswa kokugqibela, apho ungaxhomekekanga komnye umntu ukuba uzinze? Luluphi uhlobo lwemali olunikezelwa yimarike, ngenxa yokufunwa kwayo ukuba ibanjwe njengendawo yokugcina ixabiso kunye nenani lokutshintshiselana?

Imbali ibonise kuphela iindlela ezimbini ezihlala ixesha elide zemali esisiseko. Enye yisilivere, kwaye enye yigolide. Asingabo babini kuphela aba. Amaqokobhe athile (ngokukodwa amaqokobhe ecowrie kwaye wam) yasondela ngamaxesha athile nakwiindawo ezithile, kodwa ayizange ifikelele ehlabathini lonke, okanye ingqineke ihlala ixesha elide. UNick Szabo uye ibhalwe ngokumangalisayo malunga nembali yamaso kunye namaqokobhe njengemali yakudala, ibalaselisa indima ebalulekileyo ezi zinto ziqokelelwayo zidlalwe kwimillennia.

I-Aristotle idume ngokugqithiswa kwimali esisiseko, kuba kufuneka ibe yinto ehlala ixesha elide, iphathekayo, i-fungible (yahlulahlulwe) kwaye ibe nexabiso kwaye ngokwayo, ngaphandle kwayo nayiphi na enye into. (Ngelishwa, wayengomnye wabantu abaninzi abacingayo kwimbali ababenengxaki ngombono womdla, bewubiza ngokuba "engavamile,” nto leyo eye yalahlekisa abantu abaninzi de kube namhlanje.)

Imbali ingqina ukuba ezi zinyithi zinazo ezo mpawu, nangona kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo.

Igolide kunye nesilivere zezona ziganeko zinzulu, zilungeleleneyo, kunye nezona ziganeko zibhaliweyo zesiseko semali ethe yaphunyezwa emhlabeni wonke. Ukuya kuthi ga kwimali yemali, isilivere kudala ibhalwe njengeyeyokuqala ukusuka kumaxesha amandulo, kwaye igolide yenyuka yaduma kamva, ukusuka kumaxesha aphakathi.

Kodwa kutheni iBase Money?

Ukufunda kwam imbali malunga nokuba "kutheni" kwimali esisiseko kuphindwe kabini. Zombini ezi zizathu bezisebenza ukutyhubela iinkulungwane kwaye zombini zisasebenza nanamhlanje. Nangona kunjalo, kuxhomekeke kwindawo ohlala kuyo (mhlawumbi ilizwe laseNtshona ukuba usazihlupha ngokufunda esi siNgesi), ezi zizathu zibini zisenokungabonakali.

Isizathu sokuqala semali esisiseko esifunekayo ngexesha lemeko yorhwebo "engekho yendawo". Wena, njengeqela elinye kwisivumelwano, usenokungaze ulibone iqabane lakho kwakhona, kwaye uyayifuna imali ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke. Thatha umrhwebi weziqholo waseYurophu e-East Indies okanye umrhwebi we-rum eNtshona. Xa isivumelwano sigqityiwe, ubuyela kwisikhephe sakhe eSpain okanye eHolland, kwaye okona kulungileyo akaphindi ababone aba bantu kude kube yisizini ezayo, ukuba ukhe wababona. Kufuneka alungise isivumelwano ngaphambi kokuba ahambe echwebeni. Ngena igolide nesilivere. Indlela yehlabathi yotshintshiselwano esebenza kumazwe angaphandle, kwaye isebenza kuyo home. Ngokucacileyo, yonke into ayifuni ukwenziwa nge-100% ngegolide; ingaba yi-80% kwiimpahla, kwaye i-20% ihleli kwigolide okanye isilivere kumda. Kwangethuba isiqendu kwipodcast yethu kunye noGqr. George Selgin igubungela lo mcimbi kakuhle.

Isizathu sesibini esisisiseko semali esisiseko yivenkile yomsebenzi wexabiso. Kodwa hayi nje ugcino lwexabiso ngokwengqiqo eqhelekileyo; kunoko, kwindawo ethe ngqo neyobuqu: i-heirloom. I-Heirlooms ivumela ukuthuthwa kogcino lobomi bakho kubantwana bakho. Ewe, njengoko uluntu lukhula, siye sakwazi ukudlulisela kwezinye iimpahla ngaphandle kwemali kwiindlalifa zethu, ezinje ngobugcisa obuhle, ipropathi okanye ipotifoliyo yesitokhwe; nangona kunjalo, loo mizekelo ixhomekeke kwinkqubo yezomthetho, kwaye (nali elo gama kwakhona) i-fiduciary. Esi sizathu semali esisiseko sibhekisa emva kwinqaku le-Szabo kuyo yonke into ukusuka kumaqokobhe ukuya kwii-heirlooms kunye nokuqokelelwa okunzulu kunye nokudluliselwa kwexabiso elithile. Igolide, ubucwebe kunye nesilivere zisazalisekisa le ndima namhlanje. Amakhazi kunye namafa makhulu kwilizwe elisaphuhlayo, ngakumbi eIndiya naseTshayina.

Nantso ke into ethi "kutheni" yemali esisiseko. Ngoku, masiqale sijonge ngokungqongqo ukuba yintoni kanye kanye.

Igolide neSilivere

Nomntwana uyazi ukuba igolide nesilivere zinento yokwenza nemali. Nokuba ivela kwimidlalo yevidiyo okanye iintsomi, imiliselwe kwiDNA yethu ukuba ezi zinyithi zixabisekile. Ndiza kukubonisa iindlela zabo zokubonelela ngoku. Nantsi igolide, kule minyaka ingama-50 idlulileyo:

Ngelishwa, lo mfanekiso awuyonxalenye yemfundo yethu yezemali esisiseko. Ifanele ukuba njalo. Ungawaqinisekisa amanani am kwimizi-mveliso emininzi kunye noshicilelo lwemigodi, nangona ukufumana ifomathi echanekileyo kunye namanani kuya kuba nzima kwakhona, ngesizathu esithile le nto ayichazwanga ngokulula. Qaphela kuzakubakho umda wempazamo kwinto oyibona imodeli engentla, ngokuchasene nenyani (okanye olunye uphando). Akukho mntu wazi kakuhle ukuba ingakanani igolide eveliswe, kodwa la manani am kwaye ndibambelele kuwo.

Omnye umba kukuba ishishini lidla ngokucaphula iiyunithi zegolide ezembiwa ngeetoni zemetric, nto leyo eyoyikekayo ukuyenza. Kufuneka zihlale ziboniswa kwiiyunithi zomthonyama ezicatshulwe kwindawo yentengiso ngexabiso, elithi "i-troy ounce nganye." Kutheni le nto kufuneka siyenze ngenye indlela? Njengezinto ezininzi ebomini, ungavumeli i-CNBC okanye iBloomberg ikubhidanise kwizinto ezifanelekileyo. Kwitshathi engasentla, icala lasekunene lilinganisa igolide eyombiwayo kwiibhiliyoni zetroy ounces (imigca), kunye necala lasekhohlo (indawo epakishweyo) libonisa isixa segolide embiweyo esichazwe kwiyunithi ye-akhawunti yehlabathi yangoku: i-US. idola.

Kubo bonke abantu, sitsale i-6.3 yeebhiliyoni zee-ounces zegolide emhlabeni. Ngamaxabiso angoku oko kuqikelelwa kwi-11.3 yeetriliyoni zeedola ngexabiso. Ngaba oko kuthetha ukuba ukuba ihlabathi liphela lithengisa igolide yalo ngoku, bebeya kufumana i-11.3 yeebhiliyoni zeedola (ukuba bebefuna)? Ngokucacileyo akunjalo, kodwa siza kufika kuloo nto.

I-6.3 yeebhiliyoni zee-ounces eneneni yi-60% ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50 eyadlulayo, okuthetha ukuba phantse isibini esithathwini sayo yonke igolide kwimbali yombiwa ukusukela ngo-1970.

Kodwa asiyiyo yonke loo golide evela kubumba esihlala sicinga ngayo kwiintsomi; oko kukuthi, kwimo ye-bullion, kwiingqekembe kunye nemivalo. I-12% yale nto ithathwa ngokuba “ilahlekile okanye idliwe” lushishino, apho kungafumaneki lula khona. Kwigolide eseleyo, malunga ne-50% yayo ikwimo yobucwebe, kwaye i-50% yayo ikwimo yeengqekembe kunye nemivalo.

Nangona kunjalo, sinokucinga ngabo bonke ubucwebe kunye ne-bullion njengegolide engamanzi kunye nehlabathi jikelele. Ukwahlula kwakhona ixabiso elilahlekileyo kwishishini, sifumana malunga ne-5.6 yeebhiliyoni zee-ounces, okanye i-$ 10 yetriliyoni elinganayo, ngamaxabiso angoku.

Nalu uhlobo olufanayo lwegrafu, kodwa ngoku eyesilivere. Zimalunga neebhiliyoni ezingama-55.3 zesilivere eziye zembiwa kulo lonke uluntu. Ngokufanayo negolide, uninzi (53%) yayo yonke isilivere engaphezulu komhlaba iye yombiwa ukusukela ngo-1970:

Nangona isilivere yayandulela igolide kwixesha elidlulileyo njenge-asethi yemali, namhlanje sisilwanyana esahlukileyo kwinqanaba elikhulu. Isixa esikhulu sobonelelo ngemigodi siye sangena kwishishini kwaye sibonwa njengesingafumaneki lula. I-27 yeebhiliyoni zee-ounces ezinamandla ngokwenene, okanye i-600 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngexabiso elilinganayo, ilahlekile. Le silivere ihleli kwizixhobo zobuchwepheshe, kwimibhobho, koomatshini, nakwizakhiwo. Uninzi lwalo luhlaziywa rhoqo, kodwa emva koko luphinde lubuyele ekusetyenzisweni ngakumbi kwimizi-mveliso. Iimfuno zabaqhubi besilivere namhlanje zifektri kakhulu, kwaye zincinci ngokwemali kunye nokuhombisa kunegolide.

Ngoku kwisilivere engeyiyo eyemizi-mveliso ngaphezulu komhlaba, yahluke ngakumbi kwigolide kuba iqhezu elincinci layo likwimo ye-bullion (iingqekembe kunye nemivalo), kuphela malunga ne-3.6 yeebhiliyoni zee-ounces, okanye i-80 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Kodwa nokuba loo silivere siyibiza ngokuba “yimali” yesilivere, kusafuneka sicinge ngako konke okunye ukugqithisela ubutyebi, isilivere elulwelo ngaphezu komhlaba. Kukho malunga ne-24.6 yeebhiliyoni zee-ounces zaloo nto, i-$ 550 yeebhiliyoni ezixabisa kumaxabiso anamhlanje. Kwaye inxalenye enkulu yaloo nto ayibandakanyi ubucwebe kuphela, kodwa nempahla yesilivere kamakhulu wakho.

Ngoku ngaphandle kokungena ngakumbi kukhula apha, masizibuze imibuzo malunga nale nto yegolide nesilivere engamanzi, ukuhombisa kunye nemali:

Ukuba ndibambe enye yale buqu, kwam home, ngaba ngokuqinisekileyo "yeyam?" Ewe. Ngaba iya kuhlela "njenge-asethi" kwiphepha lam lomncono lobuqu? Ewe. Ngaba ndingahambisa obu butyebi kwixesha elizayo ngokubudlulisela kwiindlalifa zam? Ewe. Ngaba ikho inkampani “eyibonileyo” ezi zinyithi ukuba zikhona? Hayi.

Iimpendulo zale mibuzo ingasentla, ecaleni kwemfuno ecacileyo-utyekelo kubo kuyo yonke imbali yoluntu, kunye nomsebenzi wabo wotshintshiselwano-ophakathi, kunokusikhokelela kwisigqibo esinye soqoqosho. Iikhompawundi zeekhemikhali ze-aurum kunye ne-argentum yimali esisiseko. Zihlelwa njengemali esisiseko.

Ukuvala iLuphu

Umahluko obalulekileyo ngulo wemali esisiseko, ngokuchasene neendaba ezithembekileyo. Ngaphambi kokuba ufikelele kuncedo olunye, ngokuchasene nemingcipheko yenye, kuyanceda ukwandisa ububanzi. Akuncedi nje ukwazi ubuxhakaxhaka, kunciphisa uxinezeleko ukuba umntu ujonga ukuba ezi ndlela zimbini zezimali zidibana njani kwinkqubo yezemali yehlabathi. Imbono yembali iyimfuneko kakhulu ngokunjalo.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, sijonge ukuba yeyiphi na imidiya ethembekileyo kwinkqubo yezemali yanamhlanje, kwaye kutheni ibalulekile. Siyijonge kakuhle imali esisiseko yembali, eyigolide nesilivere. Siye sathetha ngesizathu sokuba oko kubalulekile. Siye sajonga ngokufutshane ukuba kutheni bitcoin ikwahlulahlula njengemali eyisiseko, eneempawu ezifanayo (nangona ziphezulu) kwezo zegolide nesilivere.

Kwi Part 2 sizakuyivala. Siza kutyelela abo bakhandi begolide kunye nabarhwebi bemali. Siza kubona indlela amajelo eendaba aphuhliswe ngayo apha, kwaye aqala ukumela imfuno yegolide nesilivere. Oku kuya kusingenisa kwiibhanki zale mihla. Apha endleleni ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka sihlolisise ukufikelela okungenakuthintelwa komlawuli, welizwe, malunga nayo yonke le nto. Khumbula, njengoRon Paul omangalisayo kujongwa nje, "Imali sisiqingatha sayo yonke intengiselwano." Akunakwenzeka ukuba urhulumente angajongi aze angene kwimarike yemali.

Ndiza kubeka umbala ngakumbi kwigama elithi "imali." Imali ligama elijikelezayo elithi "imali esisiseko," "imali ekhoyo," kunye "neendaba ezithembekileyo," ngokufuthi ngaphandle kokucingisisa sisithethi sayo, ngoko kufuneka senze umsebenzi othile apho.

Ukunyuka kwebhanki ephakathi yanamhlanje akusayi kuhoywa nako. Ndihlala ndisithi andiqinisekanga ukuba nguwuphi na umyeni, nokuba nguwuphi na umfazi, kodwa ayinakuphikiswa into yokuba owona mtshato unengeniso ngalo lonke ixesha ngulo uphakathi konondyebo wesizwe, nebhanki ephakathi.

Kwaye loo nto iya kusizisa kwisiseko semali sanamhlanje, se-fiat. Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo hayi nje inkcazo edlulayo ye-economist eyonqenayo, ndiza kukubonisa kanye ukuba ithetha ukuthini, kwaye kanye ukuba ijongeka njani.

Kwaye ke ngokuqinisekileyo siza kubona ukuba zonke iindlela zikhokelela njani Bitcoin. Ngoba bitcoin yimali esisiseko njengaleyo yakudala, kwaye kutheni ngeli xesha, isenokwahluka.

Abafundi beli phephancwadi bayawazi ubugcisa, ezoqoqosho nezentlalo Bitcoin izigqubuthelo. Icandelo II liza kuzisa amanye amanani okungqina oko.

Enkosi kuNic Carter ngengxelo yakhe kweli nqaku.

Esi sisithuba seendwendwe nguMateyu Mezinskis. Izimvo ezivakaliswayo zezazo ngokupheleleyo kwaye azibonisi ezo BTC, Inc. okanye Bitcoin Imagazini.

Umthombo wo kuqala: Bitcoin magazini