By Bitcoin 杂志 - 1 年前 - 阅读时间：4 分钟
为什么 Bitcoin’s Most Important Quality Is Decentralization
All of the unique benefits and attributes that make bitcoin valuable are underpinned by the network’s decentralized consensus.
This is an opinion editorial by Neil Jacobs, a Bitcoin advocate, educator and content creator.
Bitcoin’s most important quality is decentralization. In the Bitcoin 白皮书，有十几处提到消除对中央实体的信任。远离金融机构的权力下放 中本聪’s front-page motivation for creating Bitcoin: “allowing any two willing parties to transact directly with each other without the need for a trusted third party.”
不幸的是，整个加密行业，如 DAO、DeFi 和 DEX，都将去中心化一词变成了营销流行语。
现代加密货币的粉丝很少再费心去问去中心化意味着什么。甚至他们的缩写也使他们的活动与有意义的权力下放的主张相距甚远。公众最好假设去中心化自治组织是有意义的存在，因为 DAO 是一个流行的缩写词。当然，首字母缩略词必须描述一些有意义的内容 数千 管理数十亿美元的实体，其主要形容词是“去中心化”。
然而，去中心化是极其难以实现和维持的。在其他密码学家没有充分尝试之后，中本聪构建了一个远离受信任第三方的充分去中心化的支付网络，并在白皮书的脚注中承认了他们的工作。
你看，区块链的几乎所有方面都随着中心化而得到改善。
集中化团队可以提高速度、存储容量、功能和响应能力。集中化团队最大限度地减少官僚作风、快速修复错误、降低费用、改进用户界面、响应商业机会并接受媒体和社区询问。集中式区块链总是更便宜、更快。
然而，集中管理的区块链并不稀缺。
It is because of decentralization that someone puts a considerable amount of their wealth into Bitcoin. It is critically important to understand why this quality matters.
Decentralization is the only thing that provides Bitcoin with credible scarcity. All other coins are controlled by an oligopoly or small group of insiders. They can make — and change — the rules.
As Satoshi Nakamoto wrote in the white paper, a common way to build a double-spend-resistant financial network is, “to introduce a trusted central authority, or mint, that checks every transaction for double spending.” Indeed, centralizing trust in authority is the cheapest, most convenient way to transact online. Bitcoin, in contrast, requires no trust in any central authority.
例如， 以太坊的 ICO 是预先开采的。即使在今天，也只有四个实体 控制 the private keys to the majority of staked Ethereum: Coinbase, Lido, Kraken and Binance.
由于以太坊发行时间表的决策过于中心化，其未来的供应量是未知的。其领先的 分析师的 评估 ETH 的供应量何时达到 100 亿的时间跨度从 38 到 XNUMX 年不等。
以太坊基金会内部人士多次 延迟 它承诺的未经社区投票的难度炸弹，改变了 ETH 的供应量发行。他们 默默 在没有社区通知的情况下激活了数十个硬分叉，这些硬分叉在数小时内单方面通过。
只有 Bitcoin 拥有 14,000 fully validating, archival node operators that enforce bitcoin’s 21 million hard cap. Because operating a full Bitcoin node is so cheap, new operators join the network daily.
Fully validating, archival nodes secure Bitcoin. Securing Bitcoin means enforcing consensus rules about what is included and added to the blockchain. Consensus is when everyone agrees on who owns what. 只有 full nodes can enforce consensus and provide credible scarcity over Bitcoin的供应。
计划 Bitcoin has always prioritized low-cost node operation, it has allowed for, by far, the largest and most distributed network of people reaching consensus without trusting any third party. Fully validating, archival nodes ensure that no one double-spends bitcoin and that its 21 million supply cap persists.
Full nodes allow anyone to send and receive bitcoin without trusting any central party.
权力下放使得在没有暴力、监禁或民事没收威胁的情况下达成共识成为可能。其他项目只是使用这个词作为标签，以避免有关其控制寡头垄断的问题。
饰演 中本聪 写 2008 年 XNUMX 月，“我们需要的是一种基于密码证明而不是信任的电子支付系统，允许任何两个愿意的一方直接相互交易，而不需要可信的第三方。”
Today, nearly 14 years later, Bitcoin remains a decentralized payment network. It opts for inefficient decentralization on purpose. This unrivaled quality makes it the only technology for transacting online 无需可信第三方。
This is a guest post by Neil Jacobs. Opinions expressed are entirely their own and do not necessarily reflect those of BTC Inc. or Bitcoin 杂志。
原始来源： Bitcoin 杂志